ABSTRACT
This research work is concise and generally
summarizes the activities duly carried out in the design and implementation of
a computerized inventory control system for a manufacturing organization. The
system is designed to efficiently handle the movement and tracking of goods
through the replacement of human workers by technology. The manual method or
intervention is labour intensive, costly, and error prone and cannot ensure the
inventory remains up-to-date due to oversight and internal shrinkage. With the
proposed new system, inventory can be updated in real time without product
movement, scanning, or human involvement. The automated system allows inventory
status to be determined and shipping and receiving documents to be generated
automatically triggering automatic orders for products that are low in
inventory. The study outlines the main concepts of the analysis and design
methodology of the proposed system, compares it to the existing and goes
further to explain the design and implementation of the system using Visual
Basic 6.0 for the database. The fact finding techniques employed is interview,
observation, online and library research.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
An
inventory control system contains a list of orders to be filled and then prompts
workers to pick the necessary items, and provides them with packaging and
shipping information. Inventory control may be used to automate sales order
fulfilment process and also manage in and outward material of hardware.
Automation is the replacement of human workers by technology. For optimal sales
and inventory management process, robust functionality is needed for managing
logistics facilities. Warehouse management functions for inventory control
cover internal warehouse movements and storage and its support helps in the
recording and tracking of materials on basis of both quantity and value.
This
application takes care of all supply orders reducing cost for warehousing,
transportation while improving customer service. It significantly improves inventory
turns, optimizes flow of goods. It also improves cash flow, visibility and
decision making providing efficient execution of tasks using this fast and
reliable computerised method
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The
Nigerian Breweries PLC was established in the year 1946. It aims at providing
satisfaction and nourishment to the Nigerian population through the
distribution of drinks like beer, coca-cola, fanta, sprite etc. It is second to
none and for this reason, the demand is high and the company responds to the
increasing demand by stabilizing supply to strike a balance.
Justifiably,
the company has the problem of keeping adequate record of goods transfer and
since it is done manually, associated problems of insecurity, high cost of
operation and delay in supply arise. Data processing in Nigerian Breweries PLC
is presently carried out using people, pens, and paper to control stock and
inventory.
The design
and development of a computerized inventory control system for the Nigerian
Breweries PLC will no doubt bring immeasurable relief from the problems
associated with the manual system.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The
Nigerian Breweries PLC is to an extent manually operated and reveals a number
of problems.
The recording
of sales and cash received are done manually on a book that appears rough.
Thus, the books are exposed to physical damage, information can be lost and
dust particles are accumulated.
The long list of supply orders
waiting to be attended to on daily basis.
The control system is time
consuming, less accurate and less efficient, and the environment is not user
friendly.
Inaccuracies often ensue from human
error.
The manual
system is quite tedious and can be reduced or eliminated with the introduction
of the proposed system.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose
of this study is to improve current operational process in the Nigerian
Breweries PLC to its full capacity by developing efficient computer software
that can handle inventory in a computerised fashion.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
is primarily aimed at increasing efficiency in operations, reducing maintenance
and running cost, monitoring the supply of goods and its distribution and
increase profit in the Nigerian Breweries PLC by introducing a computerizedinventory
control system.
1.5 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main
objective of this study is to develop a computerised inventory control
management system. Others include;
i. It provides total asset visibility.
ii. It allows reduced inventory stocking
levels giving full inventory history.
iii. It reduces lead time, shelf space, and
errors due to damage, fatigue of staff and overall cost of operations.
iv. It facilitates “just in time”
deliveries.
v. It provides full process control for
products.
vi. It provides higher level security as the
system would be passworded to prevent unauthorised access.
vii. It shortens cross docking time and speeds
up sort/pick up rate.
viii. It helps the management plan, monitor,
optimize resources and ascertain their financial position at any time.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope
of this study covers the Nigerian Breweries PLC as a whole, and its customers
which include retailers, distributors and the general public.
1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
This project
was constrained by the following factors:
(a) Financial Constraints
Bearing in
mind the economic state of the nation, it was found difficult in making both
ends meet, because of the exorbitant nature of things nowadays in travelling
for the collection of data needed for the project.
(b) Time Constraints
Looking at
the interval between the resumption and vacation of the final semester for the
project to be completed, the time given seemed to be short for the collection
of required information for better work to be done.
(c) Non-Availability of Material
During this
project, it was noticed that the required materials needed for the project are
not documented. Those that were documented lacked storage facilities where they
can be reached.
1.8 DEFINITION OF BASIC CONCEPTS
Automation:
This is the use of technology or computers to control and process data reducing
the need for human intervention.
Database:
This refers to a large store of related data on a computer that a user can
access and modify.
Password:
This is a secret code that must be entered into a computer to enable access to
its applications. It is made up of numbers, letters, special characters or a
combination of any of the above categories.
Inventory
Control System: A list of orders to be filled, and prompts workers to pick the
necessary items and provides them with packaging and shipping information.
Computerization:
This is the conversion of a manually operated system to a controlled, organized
and automated system.
Research: A
careful study of a subject to discover facts, establish a theory or develop a
plan of action based on the facts discovered.
System: A
set of computer components functioning together.
Technology:
The study of techniques of mobilizing resources such as information for accomplishing
objectives that benefit man and his environment.
Software: A
computer program or set of instructions that direct a computer to perform
processing functions.
Information
System: A collection of procedures, people, instructions and equipment to produce
information in a useful form.
Processing:
This is dealing with something according to an established procedure.
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