CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Clearance is a status granted individuals, typically
members of the military, university graduates and employees of governments and
their contractors, allowing them access to classified information, i.e. state
secrets. The term "clearance” is also sometimes used in private
organizations that have a formal process to vet employees for access to
sensitive information. A clearance by itself is normally not sufficient to gain
access; the organization must determine that the cleared individual has a
"need to know" the information. No one is supposed to be granted
access to classified information solely because of rank or position, but once a
clearance is obtained, access to certain information or gain of freedom will be
granted. As many universities have choosing to pursue the dynamic educational
options available online. The advantages of e-learning are many.
As
people of all ages and backgrounds become increasingly reliant on the internet
for information, online learning becomes more convenient and efficient here the
need for an online clearance system. The skills needed to access and comprehend
information online are becoming commonplace, and the flexibility of wireless
computing means that any coffee shop, airport or bedroom can become a
classroom. Online courses, registrations, clearance have few, if any scheduling
restrictions, well-integrated learning resources and competitive degree
options, with an online clearance system.
The
changing online college landscape now includes online clearance system,
traditional undergraduate and general studies programs. However, career
learning is still the most popular online training option.
1.2 STATEMENT OF STUDY
The
processes of clearing students after their graduation requires that
the
students be cleared in various departments and information units.
Among
which are:
·
Library fines and
overdue or lost library materials from the University
·
Departmental Dues
·
Infirmary and bookstore
charges
·
Residence hall damage
charges
·
Return of athletic
equipment
·
Student Union Fee
·
Bursary and all other
charges
For
a graduating student to carry out his or her clearance from all these departments,
it normally takes a lot of time and a lot of processes and delays in clearing
the student for youth service as well as collection of statement of result.
Hence it became imperative for an online clearance system to eliminate the
shortcomings of the manual system in place.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE
STUDY
The
objectives of this project include:
To effectively and efficiently process
students clearance
To provide a reliable and transparent system
devoid of personal inclinations and interest
To provide borderless access
To ensure prompt clearance
To alleviate the problems and stress of
travelling and queuing up of students during clearance.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The
project work will help in a good number of ways to ease the queuing system in
the university as the online clearance system will help students to achieve
whatever they want to achieve without coming to the various offices for
clearance.
Clear
advantages of Internet information processing over those of traditional manual
system are higher yields. Online clearance system allows the users to check
their clearance status as whether they are in any way indebted to the school,
fill and submit their clearance form, and obtain their clearance letter. There
are many other advantages of online clearance system and some of them are listed
below.
·
It saves a lot of
time.
·
It is very convenient
to use it right from the bedroom, office or anywhere in the World.
·
Information processing
are very fast and delays can be avoided.
·
It is inexpensive to
students and school management.
·
Help the school in
reducing costs such as labour and stationary.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This
research work is limited to clearance system for graduating students from
Caritas University. The software developed will be carried out using HTML,
Visual Basic and Ms Access to manage both the database and at the same time
make the software online.
1.6 LIMITATIONS
This
project covers all aspect of online clearance system using Caritas University
as a case study. However, the following were the constraints:
Time constraints:
Due to time constraint, the web – page developed covers only clearance from
various departments by the graduating students.
Financial constraints: It would cost a lot to develop a full web –
based clearance system.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Computer
Network: Computer Network is a system that connects two or more computers together using a communication
link.
World
Wide Web: World Wide Wed simply called www is the most important tool of the
Internet. It was created in the late 1980s in Europe and was used limitedly in
academic cycle.
Clearance: Official certification of
blamelessness, trustworthiness, or
suitability for graduation and issue of certificates in degree course.
Databases: A systematically arranged
collection of computer data, structured so that it can be automatically
retrieved or manipulated. It is also called databank.
File
Transfer: Any kind of computer file
can be sent via the Internet from one Internet user to another. Table of accounts
on spreadsheets, design by a graphic artists, music sound files etc, can all be
exchanged in this way.
Web
Brower: This is a special kind of
software that processes hypertext make-up language (HTML) document. In other
words, a web browser is a computer program that interprets HTML command to
collect, arranged and display the parts of a web page.
Web
Site: A website is a collection of many
interconnected web pages organized by a specific college, organization company
etc, containing web pages (good and commodities) on the Internet. Web site are
stored on web servers. There are many web site and thousand of HTML pages on each
web site. A web site is a treasure of information and entertainment.
Hyperlinks: Hyperlinks are highlighted words
and phrase you find on web documents
that you can click on as to jump to some other documents or Internet
services.
Online: Connected via a computer attached to or
available via a central computer network.
Offline: Disconnected from computer network;
describes a computer terminal or peripheral device disconnected from a computer
network.
System: Set of computer components that is, an
assembling of hardware, software and peripherals functioning together.
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