ABSTRACT
This project was centered on online
news editing system. The current process of news editing is being operated
manually and due to this procedure numerous problem are been encountered. A
design was taken to computerized the manual process in order to check this
problem. The problems were identified after series of interviews and
examination of documents after which analysis was made and a computerized
procedure recommended. This project will also suggest how to successfully
implement the computerized procedure and to overcome the obstacle that would
hinder the successful implementation of the system. The new system will be
designed using top-down design methodology and implemented using XAMPP IDE on
windows 7,8,8.1 system using PHP, HTML, CSS and MySQL technologies. DOWNLOAD MATERIAL (DOCX)
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0
Background Of the Study
The advent of computer technology has
completely changed the way things are done globally. These effects of computer
Technology can be fall in all field of study, consequently giving birth to the
automation of process of activities in various field of human endeavor.
The concept of computer-assisted
reporting (CAR) is a broad one. It encompasses, as Garrison (1998) explains,
anything that uses computers to aid in the news-gathering process. It can
involve online research and database journalism. It is sometimes called
computer-assisted journalism.
According Meyer (1991), the
developments in computer-assistance for reporting have come to redefine the
field up to the point that journalism is now scientific. This modern use of
computers in the newsroom is what Meyer identifies as precision journalism.
Meyer (1991) identifies several characteristics of precision journalism. One
component of modern computing in the newsroom is the use of higher-level
programs that are useful in the analysis of statistics. These two packages are
SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and SAS (Statistical
Analysis System). These programs are an added dimension of a development that
emerged in the 1950s with Hopper's computer languages. Compilers were another
dimension. They enabled users to employ Hopper's computer languages on
different machines. SPSS and SAS were higher-level special purpose programs
that "let the user invoke them in a way that is almost like talking to the
computer in plain English" (Meyer, 1991, p. 83).
According to the Oxford English
Dictionary, editor come from the Latin phrase “e ditus’’ which means “to put
forward’’. Therefore, News Editing is
the process of preparing language, News, for presentation to the audience,
through correction, condensation, organization and other modification. A person, who edits, especially
professionally or as a hobby, is called an editor.
News editing involves reviewing
text written on topical issues, and identifying errors related to the use of
language in general or adherence to specific style guide. This activity ensures
that News is of good quality. In large media houses, experienced function
writers are dedicated to the News editing function.
News sources includes: official
records, publication or broadcasts,
official in government or business, organizations or corporations, witnesses of
crime, accidents or other events, and people involved with or affected by anew
event or issue.
News editing gives direction and
meaning to the mass of text and art provided by reporters, photojournalists and
graphic artists. News editing involves selecting copy for publication,
editing selected copy, designing news pages for newspapers, magazines,
websites, etc. News editing is an outstanding part of the editorial process
because it is the stage that prepares the sole newspaper product (i.e.,
information) for the consumer. If the press rolls out copies of thrash, the
newspaper is well on its way to death. Editors ensure that stories are
well-written and complete, without offending ethical and legal standards.
This study will seek to usher in
automation of the news editing system. it is believed that the traditional news editing system is
grossly in efficient and ineffective .
These hare been the reason behind the epileptic news presented on daily basis
by journalists to their teaming audience globally.
This study will be carried out with
the view of designing a new system that will take good care of the ineffectiveness
that characterized the existing system and automation of the entire process of
news editing.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
News editing as
it regards to the journalism profession is characterized by numerous problems.
The problems that characterized the existing system are actually responsible
for the fall in the quality of news production and presentation. The problems
with the existing system include:
i)
Reviewing of reports submitted by reports on the
field
ii)
Identification of errors in the reports, this
includes: grammatical errors, spelling errors, punctuation errors etc.
iii)
Condensation of reports into meaningful and
concise piece
iv)
Organization of the reports in an orderly manner
for presentation to the audience.
v)
And other modifications.
1.3 Aims and Objective of the Study
The aim of this
study (project) is to design a new system that will surpass the existing system
in the following areas:
-
Reviewing of reports
-
Detection of errors
-
Correction of errors
-
Summarization of reports
Furthermore this study will aim
at automating the entire process of news editing system that will further
enhance News editing in terms of:
-
Quality
-
Timeliness
-
Accuracy
-
Relevance
-
Importance
-
And correctness.
1.4
Scope of the Study
The scope of
this study will cover all the activities and processes that are involved in
News Editing from the submission of news reports to the final News editing
process. These will further lead to the design and implementation of a blue
print for the automation of news editing system (existing system).
1.5
Limitation
of the Study
A lot of
limitations were encounter during this study. Such limitations are:
1. Finance: this work is constrained by
finance as the college did not collaborate with me financial sponsorship to
enable an in-depth study.
2. Time: this is another constraint to my
undertaking a more comprehensive fact finding, since the period for this study
was very small compared to the actual work0
3. Lack of textbooks: this is also another
major constraint in the course of carrying out this work. One had to move from
one library to another.
4. Protocols: I encountered series of
protocols, often called red tapism before I was granted interviews.
1.6
Definition of Terms
Automation – The use of
machines or computers to do work that was
previously done by people.
News - information
about something or an event that has happened recently.
Editing - The process of
preparing a piece of writing by correcting the mistakes, making improvements.
Editor - A person who
edits.
Reporter - A person who collects and reports news.
Correspondent - A person who
reports news from a particular country or on a particular subject for a
newspaper or a television or radio station.
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