ABSTRACT
The study focuses on ensuring a hygienic environment
in Okigwe community in Imo State. It aims to look at the effect and
Consequences of improper management of refuse disposal. The study analysed the
factors contributing to the effect of improper waste management in the
community and also suggested measures that can possibly help to mitigate the
problems. A combination of qualitative methodological approach was used in data
collection and analysis. This methods include: questionnaire and interview. The
findings revealed that, process of collecting waste was not on frequent base,
transportation of solid waste was very challenging due to the bad nature to the
road, waste management company collect waste only to landfill site, the
environment is destroyed and investors are afraid to invest in the community.
The study concluded with recommendation that, there should be provision of
adequate skips, regular collection of waste, adequate resourcing of the waste
management institutions and sensitization campaigns to educate the people.
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.2 Background of the Study
Environmental pollution is one of the
phenomena that have gained international attention. All over the world today,
environmental pollution is an issue of great concern because of what the
environment is to human survival and indeed, the survival of the earth itself.
These days, the argument on green house effect is rite everywhere in the world.
“if its not green house effect”, it is global warning. Both point to the fact
that the earth is polluted. Williams (2006) affirms that it is well recognized
that the environment is one of the health. He however points out that Nigeria
suffers from both primary and secondary environmental problems resulting from
under-development and growth in industrialization. As a result, human idea and
activities are threats to social responsibility environmental pollution is one
of phenomenon that has gained international attention including Nigeria and Imo
State hence Okigwe Local Government Area. News agencies, health. Organizations,
federal government’s ministries of health have passed information about the
menace associated with environmental pollution to the masses. According to
Encyclopedia Britannica (1978) “pollution has been regarded as a change in the
physical, chemical or biological conditions in the environment which harmfully
affects the equally of life. The problem of refuse disposal cu environmental
pollution as regard uttering of streets with refuse materials is a crucial
problem of the developing countries. Crucial problem of the developing
countries. Nation (1975) supporting the above statement explained that if
sewage or refuse were not properly disposed they could serious outbreak disease
which could be very harmful to human health. Some studies have shown that
accumulation of solid waste is an aesthetic disaster, if they are burned, they
contribute to air pollution and when rainfalls percolate through them and
points ground water suppers.
However a country whose citizens are
suffering from plague of illness, disease and afflictions has no place in these
qualities that contribute to making any country a great nation. The
mismanagement of these wastes can lead
to short term risks, environmental degradation, breeding of insects,
spontaneous fire outbreak. It has been observed that environmental pollution
identifies improper, ineffective and unhygienic disposal of refuse materials.
Some studies shows that dumping of refuse enables rats, flies and other caners
of dangerous diseases to flourish and research findings have also shown that
from each household turn out about a lone of rubbish a year which comprise of paper,
cardboards, waste glass, damaged cars, non-cycling of scrapped cars and their
components. All these represent a source of environmental pollution involving
the littering of roads with refuge dumping on roads sides and the conversion of
drains. Other parts of the country, human faces passed in small brushes around
people’s homes. The experience is the same in high density areas and urban
shows where people pass faces into gutters and dump domestic waste in the
streets, blocking both drainage and vehicular passage in some places where pit
laterins are uswed, they scarcely go with lids. Apart from the stench, which
excludes from such latrines, food can easily be contaminated by flies, which
have habitats there. Pollution associated with poor sanitary habits can
therefore be said to be a project of underdevelopment. The environment can very
well be polluted owing to social misdemeanor when people fail to observe simple
public order such as where not to smoke or where not to urinate. Smoking in
public has been a subject of argument for a long time now. The most talk about
pollution is the industrial pollution which is now a global issue. This has
generated a lot of discussions and augments at various social states especially
among the scientists.
While (2000) notes that carbon dioxide is what environmental scientists
call “a greenhouse is gas” in Imo
state , industrial plants and
installations emit gasses that pollute
the environment. Such pollution is always prominent in the
cities where industrial activities are carried out around the clock. In an
environment like this, the air and water are often polluted, while noise from
industrial machines and augment create pollution of another sort.
1.2 Statement of Problem
Ethnically, the beauty of any environment
lies on its good sanitary condition.
This is so because when an
environment is clean the live of the citizenry are not threatened by illness and diseases, proper refuse disposal management involves the dumping of
waste(solid, liquid or gaseous)
From our homes, industrial and public outfits for example hostels,
hospitals and school etc at a specific place or in a government provided
containers and the control and refuse
from where they can cause hazards to a
place where they are less hazardous to public health. However, despite the government effort at
making the environment clean in Okigwe metropolis, People seem to be careless
about their environment. Despite the provision of refuse receptacles by the
government. Many people still prefer
dumping refuse at places they considered convenient to them; people seem not to
be aware of the interrelatedness of dirty environment and diseases, victims of
environment related diseases like malaria Fever, Typhoid Fever, dysentery and
others seem to be on the increase. Indiscriminate refuse dumping affects
quality of water and air of which the people seem not to be aware. Public
educational programmes that enlighten the public on the health implications of
indiscriminate refuse dump are almost non-existent.
Mass media seem not to be doing enough
to create awareness about implications of indiscriminate refuse dump. It was
against this background that this research is being embarked on to appraise the
public health awareness of health implications of indiscriminate refuse dump in
Okigwe metropolis.
1.3
Objective of the Study
The objective of this study is
i.
To find out the
impact of environmental pollution on the people of
Okigwe Local Government Area of Imo state.
ii.
To
find out the various methods of environmental pollution control and waste
disposal adopted by the people of Okigwe LGA.
iii. The effects of improper pollution
control and waste disposal on the environment and the possible means of
controlling the phenomenon.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The study of the impact of environment
pollution will make the people of Okigwe, Local Government Area especially the
woman to realize the importance of effective refusal disposal and waste bins
and waste control. It will also be significant to people of Okigwe in a way
that they will know the proper waste control strategies and how to manage and
preserve the environment for the good health of the people. It will also be the
people living in commercial and industrial areas of Okigwe. It will also be
important so that the people will know the causes and effects of environmental in human health
will not be overlooked.
1.5
Scope of the Study / Limitations
The study will cover all the people and
residents of Okigwe Local Government Area of Imo state. The work also will
cover all the twenty one autonomous communities that made up of Okigwe Local
Government Area. The autonomous communities are Ogii, Ezinachi, Umuawaibu,
Agbobu, Ihube, Umulolo, Umualumoke, Ndiokorie, Orji, Ibinta, Aku, Umuze gery,
Ubahu, Amuro, Aro Ogu, Isi okwe, Ugwuaku and Okigwe urban.
The work is limited to Okigwe Local
Government Area because of time constraint and financial constraint.
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